A minimizing cost of transport gabage in Nonsung District Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

American Journal of Applied Sciences, Feb, 2009 by P. Littidej, S. Suttayamully

INTRODUCTION

The activity that happen in the every day life of majority human often is born remainder inventory uses and don't be required and touch abandon the garbage which will cause a problem builds the environment goes up a lot of such as the source of water is born contaminatedding, be born the smell doesn't desire, be disease birthplace differs thus for problem prevention that is born from the garbage are effective affect the environment, solid waste management appropriately

then should bring to consider in the remedy systematically, by consider topmost advantage of the engineering, sanitation, economics, social and the environment.

The saving collects and solid waste shipping are pillar element at must bring to consider in solid waste management because the step that must pay for expenses about 80 percentages of expenses in all solid waste management (Hagerty et al., 1978). Which in the saving carries the garbage does will by the arrangement seeks a car picks to carry go to serve pick carry area garbage source differs such as residence section, business quarter, industrial factory section, agriculture section, etc., (Udomsak, 2004).

Thereafter then induce still the station transfers the garbage for collects and the transportation go to disposal site. The garbage or might induce still the place eradicates the garbage directly very grasping is garbage can do many the way such as doing fertilizer burning down burying covers up and the forcing down filters outdoor or recycle which garbage shipping for be born top most necessary efficiency will tomust lead economics pillar comes in to consider share in shipping format for expenses in the shipping is lowland expenses most and can plan in the distribution sends garbage quantity from the source goes to disposal site transfer or that can eradicate appropriately and help give can decide in station choosing transfers the garbage or the place eradicates the garbage cooperates standard of the environment of area state form that get as well. This research will emphasize analysis of mathematics model for seek minimum expenses in garbage shipping from the source goes to still the place eradicates, by this model has used the principle researches to operate that pertaining to linear straight mathematics comes to help solve a problem in sending.

MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION

The mathematics model in this research, be the model that consider garbage shipping from the source goes to disposal site (Fig. 1) which might have or don't have the station transfers the garbage in shipping system all right.

[FIGURE 1 OMITTED]

Objective function: Minimize

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

Subject to constraints

[MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]

[X.sub.i,j] = Garbage quantity that the transportation from the source i go to still the station transfers the garbage j unit/time

[X.sub.j.k] = Garbage quantity that the transportation from the station transfers the garbage j go to the disposal site k unit/time

[C.sub.i,j] = Cost per unit garbage in garbage shipping from the source i go to the station transfers the garbage j

[C.sub.j.k] = Cost per unit garbage in garbage shipping from the station transfers the garbage j go to disposal site k

[F.sub.j] = Cost per unit garbage in garbage shipping from the station transfers the garbage j (Construction+Operation)

[W.sub.i] = All garbage quantity that is born from the source i unit/time

[B sub.j] = Garbage quantity that the station transfers the garbage j can accept unit/time

[B.sub.k] = Garbage quantity that the disposal site the garbage k can accept unit/time

[P.sub.j] = Fraction of garbage quantity after change the station on the for way induce at the disposal site the garbage k

[P.sub.j] = 1 if the station on the way be the station transfers the garbage k

[P.sub.j] = 0.2 if the station on the way be incinerator

N = Number of source i

J = Number of the station transfers the garbage j

K = Number of the disposal site k

THE GENETIC ALGORITHM HEURISTIC IN MICROSOFT EXCEL

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are one of the most popular heuristic algorithms that represent a powerful and robust approach for developing heuristic for complex and large-scale combinatorial optimization problems. A GA can be described as a probabilistic search, which imitates the process of natural selection and evolution to evolve a population of initial solutions. Each solution of a problem is treated as an individual, whose fitness is governed by the corresponding objective function value and some penalization to infeasibility. Pairs of individuals of a given population are selected to act as parents and reproduce to generate the next population of better individuals through a structured yet randomized information exchange known as crossover operator. Diversity is added to the population by randomly changing some genes (mutation operator). As new offspring are generated, unfit individuals in the population are replaced using the concept of survival of the fittest. This evaluation-selection-reproduction cycle is repeated until a satisfactory solution is found or other stopping criteria are met (Claudio B. Cunha, 2004).