Imperialism, Independence, and Islam in Senegal and Mali.

A long-term perspective is essential for understanding the complex processes of cooperation and pragmatism pursued and developed by Senegale, se and Malian religious and secular authorities from early colonial times to the present. Comparing secular-religious ties in Senegal and Mali shows that Senegal is not as exceptional a case as has been suggested.

Initial confrontations between state and religion, including the reform movements of al-Hajj Umar Tal and Mamadu Lamine Drame, were replaced by acceptance and cooperation which continued after independence to the benefit of both ...

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