Angela da Foligno's Memoriale: the male scribe, the female voice, and the other
Italica, Winter, 2005 by Dino S. Cervigni
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DINO S. CERVIGNI
The University of N. Carolina at Chapel Hill
NOTES
(1) This abbreviated name ("fratre A.") is found only once, in the so-called second redazione: "Quaere ab eo, scilicet fratre A., quia illud quod fuit tibi dictum iam venit in te, scilicet Trinitas" (ch. 3, 190, ll. 188-90). The two editors whose edition I am using, Thier and Calufetti, remark: "La sigla che indica il redattore del Memoriale si trova nel codice sublacense [seconda redazione]: Fra A., comunemente decifrata "frater Arnaldus" ("Introduzione" 42; but see also 29n14; 133n5: "Tutta la tradizione biografica di Angela riconosce in questo cappellano il suo parente fr. Arnaldo, ma non e apoditticamente documentabile"). The two most recent editors of Angela's writings point out various other interpretations of the scribe's abbreviation: "frate Amato"; "frate Adamo"; "frate Arnoldo"; "frate Arnolfo" (Thier-Calufetti 42n1). The issue of decoding the abbreviation occurs also in ch. 4, 210, 1. 115 ("quaeras a tali fratre"; but n13 points out the variant of another codex: "a tali F."). In the Testificatio, the scribe is referred to as "quemdam fratrem minorem ride dignum" (126, ll. 1-2). Only once in the Memoriale is a name of a frater spelled out: "frater Apicus" (ch. 9, 374, 1. 240; n28). I am quoting from re edition edited by Thier and Calufetti. Pozzi strongly criticizes this edition, and prefers that by Ferre, which follows the manuscript A (=Assisi; Pozzi, Angela, Il libro, "Nota al testo" 236-47).
(2) Nothing else but the rather rudimentary (albeit very effective) Latin of Angela's writings explains (but does hOt justify) the literary critics' neglect of these writings. Concerning the language of the writings attributed to Angela, Pozzi comments: "Fosse pervenuto nella veste originale, questo sarebbe un classico fra quei testi di lingua che furono i prediletti da linguaioli, puristi, filologi romanzi. Nemmeno frai cultori di latino medievale, il suo lessico rude e popolaresco ha sollevato attenzione. Per una scrittura di tal livello, tra le piu belle nel genere spirituale, e una ben mediocre fortuna" (Angela, Il libro, "Introduzione" 56-57). In another study, most appropriately Pozzi comments: "Per quanto riguarda l'indifferenza della letteratura, in Italia, alle remore provocate dalle forme istituzionali di queste scritture si e aggiunta una difficolta piu generale che impedisce tuttora di riunire la storia di questa produzione alla storia della lingua e letteratura nazionale. In Italia, la storia letteraria ha fatto pienamente sua la produzione religiosa volgare del due e trecento; ma ha trascurato il resto, con un crescendo man mano che si giunge alle ultime eta. L'ha assunta non in ragione del contenuto, ma della lingua, intesa questa non come forma distintiva di un pensiero particolarissimo, bensi come tesoro lessicale ed esemplarita grammaticale della lingua toscana antica" ("L'alfabeto delle sante," Scrittrici mistiche 25).
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