Metformin (Glucophage). (Medication Update).(Brief Article)

Southern Medical Journal, January, 2002 by Slagle, Mark

Mode of Action

Decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis, decreases glucose absorption in the intestines, and increases sensitivity to insulin by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to the metformin, or any component of the formulation. Renal disease (males with serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL, females with serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dL). Metformin should be held 48 hours before and 48 hours after any radiologic procedure where iodinated contrast material is administered. It should also be held in the case of acute MI, CHF exacerbation, surgery, or shock. It may be restarted once good renal function is confirmed. In emergent situations, ensure adequate hydration and monitor renal function...