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Physicists shed light on superfluidity.(SUPERCONDUCTORS)

Advanced Ceramics Report, September, 2006

For the first time, scientists have directly observed the transition of a gas to a superfluid, a form of matter closely related in its behaviour to superconductors.

Observations of superfluids may help answer questions about high-temperature superconductivity. Superconductivity is a form of superfluidity, but for charged particles instead of atoms.

The work was led by Professor Wolfgang Ketterle from Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT's) Research Laboratory of Electronics.

Ketterle's team observed the transition to superfluidity of a gas of so-called "fermionic atoms". Fermionic atoms are atoms with an odd number of neutrons, protons and electrons. They can become superfluid only if they form pairs. These pairs have an even number...

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