United States

American Journal of Economics and Sociology, The,  Dec, 2000  by Walter Rybeck

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                    TOTAL TAX REVENUES AND PROPERTY TAX
                 REVENUES IN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
                    1902-1992 (in billions of dollars)
                                                      Revenue from
States                              Local Tax Revenue Property Tax
  1902                                      $    .156      $  .082
  1922                                           .947         .348
  1927                                          1.608         .370
  1940                                          3.313         .260
  1980                                        137.075        2.891
  1992                                        329.296        6.689
Counties
  1902                                              -         -
  1922                                              -         -
  1942                                           .920         .893
  1980                                         18.813       14.300
  1992                                         54.926       40.808
Cities
  1902                                              -         -
  1912                                              -         -
  1922                                              -         -
  1942                                          2.314        1.999
  1980                                         31.256       16.859
  1992                                         75.486       39.706
All Local Governments Beneath State
Level Including Special Assessment
Districts
  1902                                           .704         .624
  1922                                          3.069        2.973
  1942                                          4.625        4.273
  1980                                         86.387       65.607
  1992                                        227.099      171.723
                                     Property Tax
                                    as Percent of
States                                Total Taxes
  1902                                     % 52.6
  1922                                       36.7
  1927                                       23.0
  1940                                        7.8
  1980                                        2.1
  1992                                        2.0
Counties
  1902                                     * 91.1
  1922                                     * 92.1
  1942                                       97.1
  1980                                       76.0
  1992                                       74.3
Cities
  1902                                     * 86.7
  1912                                     * 77.5
  1922                                     * 82.8
  1942                                       86.4
  1980                                       53.9
  1992                                       52.6
All Local Governments Beneath State
Level Including Special Assessment
Districts
  1902                                       88.6
  1922                                       96.9
  1942                                       92.4
  1980                                       75.9
  1992                                       75.6
Source: Census of Governments. Starred
data, estimated by Jensen, op. cit.
           AMOUNTS AND PERCENTAGES OF RELIANCE BY VARIOUS LEVELS
             OF GOVERNMENT ON PROPERTY AND NON-PROPERTY TAXES,
                                 1927-1993
                     (amounts in billions of dollars)
        Non-Property Tax Revenues       Property Tax Revenues
Federal                         $     %                     $    %
  1927                      3.364 100.0                     0    0
  1993                    712.912 100.0                     0    0
State
  1927                      1.238  77.0                  .370 23.0
  1993                    346.160  97.8                 7.796  2.2
Local
  1927                       .119   2.7                 4.36  97.3
  1993                     58.232  24.4               180.738 75.6
All
  1927                      4.721  50.0                 4.730 50.0
  1993                  1,117.304  85.6               188.535 14.4
Source: Historical Statistics on Governmental Finances and Employment,
1982 Census of Governments, Vol. 6, No. 4, January 1985. US Bureau of
the Census research.
                        NEW BUILDING IN MCKEESPORT,
                         CLAIRTON, AND DUQUENSE [a]
                Dollar Value of Annual Building Permits [b]
                       Comparing Three-Year Periods
                         Before and After 1980 [c]
           Anual Average Anual Average
City       for 1977-1979 for 1980-1982 Percent Change
McKeesport  $1,716,000    $2,370,191        +38
Clairton    $  746,710    $  539,564        -28
Duquesne    $1,053,315    $  839,731        -20