A socio-historical interpretation of toxic waste sites: the case of Greater Boston

American Journal of Economics and Sociology, The, Jan, 1995 by Eric J. Krieg

9. Most of the sites not listed as "Confirmed" or "Remedial" had very little data available. including (sometimes) whether toxic substances were present or not.

10. A majority of the sites (167) are listed as "21E," indicating that they are addressed under Massachusetts General Law 21E and not federal regulations (such as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act - RCRA, or the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act - CERCLA). As a general rule, those sites listed as "21E" were not considered a great enough risk to be included on the Superfund's National Priorities List. The singe "Federal Facility" site listed here is located at Hanscom Air Force Base in the town of Bedford north of Boston on Rt. 128. The source of the toxic release is a landfill on the base. Of the three "National Priorities List" sites, two are located in the town of Woburn and one is located in Norwood.

11. The "Boston" group consists of 19 towns including Arlington, Belmont, Boston, Brookline, Cambridge, Chelsea, Everett, Hull, Malden, Medford, Melrose, Milton, Nahant, Quincy, Revere, Somerville, Watertown, Winchester, and Winthrop. The other 25 towns are part of the "128" group.

References

Anderton, Douglas. "Hazardous Waste Facilities: 'Environmental Equity' Issues in Metropolitan Areas" Evaluation Review, Volume 18, Number 2, Apr. 1994, 123-140.

Boston Globe, "Lung Cancer found to be high in Blacks," Apr. 11, 1994, 10.

Bullard, Robert (ed.). Confronting Environmental Racism: Voices from the Grassroots (Boston: South End Press), 1993.

Bullard, Robert. Dumping in Dixie (Boulder: Westview Press), 1990.

Bullard, Robert and Hendrix Wright, Beverly. "Environmentalism and the Politics of Equity: Emergent Trends in the Black Community," Mid-American Review of Sociology, 12, 1987.

Bullard, Robert. "Solid Waste Sites and the Black Community," Sociological Inquiry, 53:273-288, 1983.

Charlier, Tom. "'Environmental Racism' Not Clear-Cut Issue in Memphis," Memphis Commercial Appeal, September 19, 1993.

Gelobter, Michel. "Toward a Model of 'Environmental Discrimination.'" From Bryant and Mohai, eds. Race and the Incidence of Environmental Hazards: A Time for Discourse, Boulder: Westview Press, 1992, 64-81.

Gould, Jay M. Quality of Life in American Neighborhoods: Levels of Affluence, Toxic Waste, and Cancer Mortality in Residential Zip Code Areas. Boulder: Westview Press, 1986.

Hendrix Wright, Beverly, "The Effects of Occupational Injury, Illness, and Disease on the Health Status of Black Americans: A Review" from Bryant, Bunyan and Mohai, Paul (eds.). Race and the Incidence of Environmental Hazards: A Time for Discourse. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992.

Joint Board for the Metropolitan Master Highway Plan, Master Highway Plan, 1948.

Lavelle, Marianne and Coyle, Marcia. "Unequal Protection: The Racial Divide in Environmental Law," The National Law Journal, Vol. 15, September 1992.

Lee, Charles. "Toxic Waste and RAce in the United States." From Bryant and Mohai, eds. Race and the Incidence of Environmental Hazards: A Time for Discourse, Boulder: Westview Press, 1992, 10-27.