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The lost wheel map of Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Art Bulletin, The, June, 1996 by Marcia Kupfer
111. J. M. Greenstein, "The Vision of Peace: Meaning and Rerpresentation in Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Sala della Pace Cityscapes," Art History, XI, 1988, 492-510. Feldges, 64, has suggested that the panoramas evoke the view from the Torre del Mangia. For Lorenzetti's construction of the aerial view, see also K. Crum, "Space and Convention in Landscapes of Early Tuscan Painting, 1250-1350," Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1984, 204-17; and Starn and Partridge (as in n. 3), 48-50.
112. P. Gautier-Dalche, "De la glose a la contemplation: Place et fonction de la carte dans les manuscrits du haut moyen age," in Testo e immagine nell'alto medioevo, Settimane di studio del Centro italiano di studi sull'alto medioevo XLI, 2 vols., Spoleto, 1994, II, 693-764, esp. 758-64; Sicard, 1993 (as in n. 45), esp. 236-38; K. Clausberg, "Scheibe, Rad, Zifferblatt: Grenzubergange zwischen Weltkarten und Weltbildern," in Ein Weltbild vor Columbus: Die Ebstorfer Weltkarte, ed. H. Kugler, Weinheim, 1991, 260 313, esp. 260-80. On the map as the privileged object of the gods' panoptic gaze in the classical tradition, see P. Arnaud, "L'Affaire Mettius Pompusianus ou le crime de cartographie," Melanges de l'ecole francaise de Rome, antiquite, XCV, no, 2, 1983, 677-99, esp. 691-92; and L. Nuti, "The Perspective Plan in the Sixteenth Century: The Invention of a Representational Language," Art Bulletin, LXXVI, no. 1, 1994, 105-28, esp. 126-28.
113. Morandi, in Brandi et al., 422, entry no. 193. On the building and decoration of the new Sala del Consiglio Generale, first used to house the council in 1343, see Southard, 206-13.
114. Bowsky (as in n. 75), 100, believes that in full session the council would easily have numbered about 500 members; Southard, 22, cites a figure of 800 in 1368.
115. Bowsky (as in n. 75), 23, 55-102.
116. Kupfer, 265-68.
117. I am especially indebted to Peter Barber for this idea.
118. Li Livres dou Tresor (as in n. 73), 3.1: Carmody, 317-19; trans. Barrette and Baldwin, 279.
119. Li Livres dou Tresor (as in n. 73), 3.73: Carmody, 391-92; Barrette and Baldwin, 350-51.
120. Edited by A. Evans as La pratica della mercatura, Cambridge, Mass., 1936; Pegolotti's own title for his treatise is Libro di divasamenti di paesi e di misure di mercatantie. On this work, see J. K. Hyde, Society and Politics in Medieval Italy, New York, 1973, 158-64. On the education of medieval Italian merchants in the field of geography, see P. Gautier Dalche, "Une Geographie provenant du milieu des marchands toscans (debut XIVe siecle)," in Societa, istituzioni, spiritualita: Studi in onore di Cinzio Violante, Spoleto, 1994, 1, 433-43.
121. Gautier Dalche (as in n. 47), 311; and U. Tucci, "Manuali di mercatura e pratica degli affari nel medioevo," in Fatti e idee di storia economica nei secoil XII-XX: Studi dedicati a Franco Borlandi, Bologna, 1977, 215-31.
122. See n. 9 above.
123. For a discussion of sodomy in the writings of Saint Bernardino, see M. J. Rocke, "Sodomites in Fifteenth-Century Tuscany: The Views of Bernardino of Siena," in The Pursuit of Sodomy: Male Homosexuality in Renaissance and Enlightenment Europe, ed. K. Gerard and G. Helima, New York, 1989, 7-31.
