Racial/ethnic disparities in infant mortality—United States, 1995-2002

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 10, 2005 by T.J. Mathews

TABLE. Number of infant deaths and infant mortality rate (IMR)*, by
race/ethnicity of mother and state/area of residence--United States,
1995-2002 combined

                                           American Indian/
                            Total           Alaska Native
State/Area              No.      IMR       No.         IMR

United States          225,534    7.1      2,915    9.1
Alabama                  4,728    9.7         10   ([section])
Alaska                     548    6.8        202   10.4
Arizona                  4,531    7.1        392    9.0
Arkansas                 2,521    8.6         14   ([section])
California              24,140    5.7        213     8.2
Colorado                 3,132    6.4         45     9.0
Connecticut              2,285    6.6          8   ([section])
Delaware                   730    8.6          2   ([section])
District of Columbia       855   13.5          2   ([section])
Florida                 11,519    7.3         51     7.2
Georgia                  8,664    8.7         14   ([section])
Hawaii                     946    6.7          7   ([section])
Idaho                    1,050    6.7         30    12.4
Illinois                12,244    8.4         26    13.1
Indiana                  5,431    8.0         12   ([section])
Iowa                     1,902    6.4         17   ([section])
Kansas                   2,222    7.3         19   ([section])
Kentucky                 3,086    7.1          5   ([section])
Louisiana                5,022    9.5         20     7.4
Maine                      583    5.3          5   ([section])
Maryland                 4,782    8.3          9   ([section])
Massachusetts            3,257    5.0          9   ([section])
Michigan                 8,698    8.1         48     8.2
Minnesota                3,085    5.9        119    12.5
Mississippi              3,518   10.4         28    15.5
Missouri                 4,557    7.6         24    10.0
Montana                    610    7.0        100     9.8
Nebraska                 1,404    7.3         43    13.5
Nevada                   1,451    6.3         38    10.5
New Hampshire              568    4.9          2   ([section])
New Jersey               5,866    6.4          9   ([section])
New Mexico               1,416    6.5        195     7.2
New York                13,527    6.5         36     6.7
North Carolina           7,948    8.9        157    12.0
North Dakota               461    7.2         78    12.9
Ohio                     9,674    7.9         17   ([section])
Oklahoma                 3,172    8.2        307     7.9
Oregon                   2,008    5.6         43     7.4
Pennsylvania             8,711    7.5         12   ([section])
Rhode Island               662    6.6         13   ([section])
South Carolina           3,999    9.3         11   ([section])
South Dakota               621    7.4        183    13.6
Tennessee                5,301    8.7         12   ([section])
Texas                   17,151    6.2         44     6.8
Utah                     1,963    5.4         38     7.1
Vermont                    314    6.0          1   ([section])
Virginia                 5,698    7.5         11   ([section])
Washington               3,524    5.6        132     8.9
West Virginia            1,324    8.0          2   ([section])
Wisconsin                3,778    6.9         74    10.0
Wyoming                    339    6.8         24    12.0

                        Asian/Pacific          Hispanic
                          Islander            ([dagger])
State/Area              No.        IMR        No.    IMR

United States           7,315   5.0           35,447   5.8
Alabama                    29   7.2               92   7.4
Alaska                     31   7.2               38   7.6
Arizona                    79   5.4            1,694   6.7
Arkansas                   15   ([section])       93   6.0
California              2,310   4.8           10,859   5.3
Colorado                   93   6.1              836   6.6
Connecticut                45   3.7              405   8.1
Delaware                   12   ([section])       43   6.3
District of Columbia        6   ([section])       50   7.8
Florida                   185   5.2            1,700   5.1
Georgia                   144   6.0              493   5.9
Hawaii                    698   6.9              113   6.4
Idaho                      18   ([section])      151   7.7
Illinois                  355   6.2            1,966   6.7
Indiana                    55   6.4              250   7.2
Iowa                       37   5.7               95   6.4
Kansas                     45   5.9              214   6.6
Kentucky                   31   6.8               41   5.3
Louisiana                  55   6.8               56   5.1
Maine                       8   ([section])        8   ([section])
Maryland                  132   5.3              194   5.8
Massachusetts             126   3.7              434   6.2
Michigan                  137   5.2              333   6.8
Minnesota                 169   6.7              169   6.4
Mississippi                16   ([section])       22   5.7
Missouri                   47   4.5              114   6.5
Montana                     9   ([section])       20   7.7
Nebraska                   33   8.7              150   8.0
Nevada                     66   4.7              365   5.1
New Hampshire              14   ([section])       16   ([section])
New Jersey                263   4.0            1,111   6.5
New Mexico                 12   ([section])      696   6.3
New York                  538   3.8            2,570   6.0
North Carolina            110   5.8              461   6.0
North Dakota                5   ([section])       12   ([section])
Ohio                      102   5.2             241    8.1
Oklahoma                   38   5.2             166    5.4
Oregon                     70   4.3             305    5.7
Pennsylvania              123   4.2             505    8.6
Rhode Island               25   6.8             127    8.2
South Carolina             36   6.3              85    6.0
South Dakota                7   ([section])       8    ([section])
Tennessee                  45   4.9             123    6.1
Texas                     367   4.4           6,765    5.4
Utah                       73   6.9             262    6.4
Vermont                     2   ([section])       4    ([section])
Virginia                  182   4.9             284    5.2
Washington                238   4.9             415    5.0
West Virginia               4   ([section])       4    ([section])
Wisconsin                  78   4.9             250    7.9
Wyoming                     0   ([section])      39    8.8

                                  Non-Hispanic
                           Black                   White
State/Area                No.    IMR            IMR     No.

United States          65,539   13.9          110,982   5.9
Alabama                 2,329   14.8            2,262   7.2
Alaska                     26    8.5              247   5.3
Arizona                   282   14.4            2,083   6.7
Arkansas                  803   13.0            1,593   7.6
California              3,395   12.1            7,134   5.0
Colorado                  296   13.8            1,857   5.8
Connecticut               546   13.8            1,154   5.0
Delaware                  299   14.7              371   6.8
District of Columbia      748   17.2               42   3.7
Florida                 4,463   12.7            5,036   5.9
Georgia                 4,497   13.8            3,407   6.2
Hawaii                     40   10.2              167   5.8
Idaho                       6   ([section])       832   6.4
Illinois                4,667   16.9            5,211   6.2
Indiana                 1,091   14.9            4,001   7.1
Iowa                      133   15.0            1,597   6.0
Kansas                    325   14.5            1,604   6.7
Kentucky                  450   11.5            2,559   6.7
Louisiana               2,963   13.7            1,922   6.6
Maine                       8   ([section])       539   5.2
Maryland                2,613   13.9            1,793   5.5
Massachusetts             543   10.7            2,054   4.2
Michigan                3,121   16.5            4,601   6.1
Minnesota                 363   12.0            2,153   5.2
Mississippi             2,229   14.6            1,219   6.9
Missouri                1,387   15.5            2,976   6.2
Montana                     0   ([section])       460   6.4
Nebraska                  153   15.0            1,001   6.6
Nevada                    215   12.4              735   5.9
New Hampshire               3   ([section])       478   4.5
New Jersey              2,088   13.7            2,256   4.3
New Mexico                 45   11.9              479   6.4
New York                4,648   12.2            4,715   4.7
North Carolina          3,431   15.4            3,775   6.7
North Dakota                4   ([section])       349   6.5
Ohio                    2,707   15.1            6,544   6.6
Oklahoma                  521   14.2            2,104   7.7
Oregon                     73   10.1            1,512   5.5
Pennsylvania            2,502   15.5            5,418   5.9
Rhode Island               80   11.5              312   5.0
South Carolina          2,242   15.0            1,621   6.3
South Dakota              419   ([section])       419   6.3
Tennessee               2,109   16.0            3,005   6.7
Texas                   3,492   11.0            6,365   5.7
Utah                       16   ([section])     1,565   5.2
Vermont                     1   ([section])       293   5.9
Virginia                2,348   13.6            2,849   5.7
Washington                273   11.2            2,304   5.2
West Virginia              80   13.5            1,232   7.8
Wisconsin                 874   17.0            2,505   5.7
Wyoming                     1   ([section])       272   6.3

* Per 1,000 live births.

([dagger]) Hispanic mothers might be of any race.

([section]) Data do not meet standard of reliability
or precision; based on fewer than 20 deaths in the numerator.