Outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection and cryptosporidiosis associated with drinking unpasteurized apple cider - Connecticut and New York, October 1996

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Jan 10, 1997

References

(1.) CDC. Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with drinking unpasteUrized commercial apple juice-British Columbia, California, Colorado, and Washington, October 1996. MMWR 1996;45:975.

(2.) Besser RE, Lett SM, Weber JT, et al. An outbreak of diarrhea and hemolytic Uremic syndrome from Escherischia coli O157:H7 in fresh-pressed apple cider. JAMA 1993;269:2217-20.

(3.) Millard PS, Gensheimer KF, Addiss DG, et al. An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis from fresh-pressed apple cider. JAMA 1994;272:1592-6.

(4.) CDC. Epidemiologic notes and reports: Salmonella typhimurium outbreak traced to a commercial apple cider-New Jersey. MMWR 1975;24:87-8.

(5.) Zhao T, Doyle MP, Besser RE. Fate of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia cold 0157:H7 in apple cider with and without preservatives. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993;59:2526-30.

(6.) DuPont HL, Chappell CL, Sterling CR, Okhuysen PC, Rose JB, Jakubowski W. The infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum in healthy volunteers. N Engl J Med 1995;332:855-9.

(7.) Griffin PM, Bell BP, Cieslak PR, et al. Large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in the western United States: the big picture. In: Karmali MA, Goglio AG, eds. Recent advances in verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia cold infections. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V., 1994;7-12.

(8.) Miller LG, Kaspar CW. Escherichia coli O157:H7 acid tolerance and survival in apple cider. J Food Prot 1994;57:460-4.

(9.) Campbell I, Tzipori AS, Hutchison G, Angus KW. Effect of disinfectants on survival of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Vet Rec 1982;111:414-5.

(10.) Anderson BC. Moist heat inactivation of Cryptosporidium sp. Am J Public Health 1985;75:1433-4.