The male menopause—does it exist?

British Medical Journal, March 25, 2000 by Duncan C Gould, Richard Petty, Howard S Jacobs

[6] Wang C, Alexander G, Berman N, Salehian B, Davidson T, McDonald V, et al. Testosterone replacement therapy improves mood in hypogonadal men--a clinical research center study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81: 3578-83.

[7] Hajjar RR, Kaiser FE, Morley JE. Outcomes of long-term testosterone replacement in older hypogonadal males: a retrospective analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:3793-6.

[8] Sih R, Morley JE, Kaiser FE, Perry HM, Patrick P, Ross C. Testosterone replacement in older hypogonadal men: a 12-month randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997 ;82:1661-7.

[9] Tenover JS. Effects of testosterone supplementation in the aging male. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992;75:1092-8.

[10] Snyder PJ, Peachey H, Hannoush P, Berlin JA, Loh L, Holmes JH, et al. Effect of testosterone treatment on bone mineral density in men over 65 years of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:1966-72.

[11] Snyder PJ, Peachey H, Hannoush P, Berlin JA, Loh L, Lenrow DA, et al. Effect of testosterone treatment on body composition and muscle strength in men over 65 years of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84: 2647-53.

[12] Bagatell CJ, Bremner WJ. Androgens and behavior in men and women. The Endocrinologist 1997;7:97-102.

[13] Ansong KS, Punwaney RB. An assessment of the clinical relevance of serum testosterone level determination in the evaluation of men with low sex drive. J Urol 1999;162:719-21.

[14] Hawton KE. Sexual problems associated with physical illness. In: Weatherall DJ, Ledingham JG, Warrell DA, eds. Oxford textbook of medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997;4243-7.

[15] Jacobs HS. Impotence and viagra. 1999. http://www.endocrinology.org/ SFE/viagra.htm (accessed 10 Jan 2000).

[16] Lamberts SWJ, van den Beld AW, van der Lely A-J. The endocrinology of aging. Science 1997;278:419-24.

Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London W1N 8AA

Howard S Jacobs emeritus professor of reproductive endocrinology

H.Jacobs@ucl.ac.uk