Mitral valve repair

AORN Journal,  Jan, 2007  by Margo Winters,  Pam Obriot

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Examination

Mitral Valve Repair

PURPOSE/GOAL

To educate perioperative nurses about mitral valve disease and surgical options for mitral valve repair.

BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES

After reading and studying the article on mitral valve repair, nurses will be able to

1. describe mitral valve anatomy,

2. discuss disease processes that affect the mitral valve's ability to function properly,

3. identify diagnostic procedures that help caregivers confirm mitral valve disease, and

4. explain mitral valve repair techniques.

QUESTIONS

1. The mitral valve is affected by disease processes.

a. genetic and geometric

b. geometric and valvular

b. infectious and valvular

d. ischemic and infectious

2. The proper joining or fitting together of two surfaces (eg, mitral valve leaflets) is called

a. coaptation.

b. outflow disease.

c. regurgitation.

d. stenosis.

3. The chordae tendineae pull the leaflets together into position.

a. true

b. false

4. The mitral apparatus is formed by the

1. atrial wall.

2. chordae tendineae.

3. leaflets.

4. papillary muscles.

5. ventricular wall.

a. 2 and 3

b. 1, 4 and 5

c. 2, 3, 4 and 5

d. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

5. Mitral valve regurgitation

1. allows backflow of blood into the right atrium.

2. is also referred to as mitral incompetence.

3. may result from untreated streptococcal infections.

4. refers to the calcification of the annulus.

5. results from incomplete closure of the leaflets.

a. 1 and 3

b. 2 and 5

c. 1, 2, 3, and 4

3.4 [Ce]:

d. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

6. Most cases of cardiomyopathy are of unknown origin. a. true b. false

7. Diagnostic procedures to identify and then confirm mitral valve disease may include

1. cardiac catheterization.

2. physical examination.

3. transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE).

4. transthoracic echocardiogram.

a. 1 and 3

b. 2 and 4

c. 1, 2, and 3

d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

8. It is important to note the direction of the regurgitant jet during the intraoperative TEE to determine the mechanism of regurgitation a. because the jet flows in the opposite direction of the flailing or prolapsing Leaflet.

b. to detect abnormalities attributed to a ruptured chordae papillary muscle or perforated valve leaflet.

c. because left ventriculography with injection into the chamber can document regurgitation into the Left atrium.

9. -- restores the functional size and shape of the fibrous band to which the leaflets attach.

a. Annuloptasty