Electromagnetic Fields Can Affect Medical Devices

AORN Journal, March, 1999

Anti-theft systems and metal detectors produce an electromagnetic field that can interfere with the routine functioning of pacemakers, implantable cardioverter/defibrillators (ICDs), spinal cord stimulators, and other electronic medical devices, according to a Sept 28, 1998, notice from the Center for Devices and Radiological Health at the US Food and Drug Administration.

The notice states that people with pacemakers can experience shifts in pacing rate, alteration to programmed pacing therapy, presyncope and syncope, and chest pain. Symptoms of interference among patients with ICDs or spinal-cord stimulators include shocks and pain. Most patients, however, are unlikely to experience clinically significant symptoms. According to the notice, the reported number of serious injuries in the past 10 years has been quite low.

The Center recommends that patients with medical devices take the following precautions.

* Do not stand near an electronic article surveillance (EAS) system or metal detector longer than necessary, and do not lean against them. Keep in mind that EAS systems, which typically consist of one or two columns placed opposite each other near entrances and exits, may not be readily visible in many commercial establishments.

* If security personnel need to scan you with a hand-held metal detector, warn them that you have a medical device. Ask them to hold the metal detector near the device for only as long as is absolutely necessary, or ask that they use an alternative form of personal search.

Important Information on Anti-Theft and Metal Detector Systems and Pacemakers, ICDs, and Spinal Cord Stimulators (Rockville, Md: US Deportment of Health end Human Services, Food end Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Sept 28, 1998) 1-3.