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Topic: RSS Feed¿De qué manera afecta el alcohol el mundo de un niño?
Panfleto por: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information, Dec, 2002
* En una encuesta realizada en 2001, el 30 por ciento de los estudiantes de noveno grado dijeron haber viajado en un vehÃculo conducido por alguien que habÃa estado tomando bebidas alcohólicas. Casi el 7 por ciento de los estudiantes de noveno grado dijeron haber conducido una o más veces mientras estaban tomando bebidas alcohólicas. (1)
* De todos los niños menores de 15 años de edad que murieron en accidentes automovilÃsticos en 2000, 20 por ciento de ellos murieron en accidentes relacionados con el alcohol. (2)
* Entre jóvenes de 12 a 17 años de edad que beben alcohol actualmente, 31 por ciento tenÃan niveles extremadamente altos de angustia psicológica y 39 por ciento presentaron serios problemas de conducta. (3)
* El 28 por ciento de los suicidios cometidos por niños entre 9 y 15 años se pueden atribuir al alcohol. (4)
* En una muestra nacional representativa de jóvenes de 12 a 16 años de edad que beben alcohol actualmente, se determinó que estos jóvenes tenÃan niveles más altos de presión diastólica que los jóvenes de la misma edad que no consumen alcohol. (5)
* Las niñas entre 12 y 16 años de edad que en ese momento consumÃan alcohol tenÃan cuatro veces más probabilidades de sufrir de depresión que las niñas de la misma edad que no bebÃan. (6)
* Las adolescentes que beben, muestran más altos niveles de estradiol (un estrógeno) y testosterona que las jóvenes que no beben. Los niveles altos de estrógeno podrÃan contribuir al aumento en el riesgo de sufrir enfermedades especÃficas, entre ellas et cáncer de seno, y los altos niveles de testosterona están asociados con un aumento en el riesgo de consumo de drogas y alcohol. (7)
(1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2002. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance United States, 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: CDC Surveillance Summaries 51(SS-4):1-64.
(2) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 2001. Traffic Safety Facts 2000--Children. Washington, DC: US Department of Transportation.
(3) Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 1999. The Relationship Between Mental Health and Substance Abuse Among Adolescents. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
(4) Unpublished data extrapolated by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism from State Trends in Alcohol Mortality, 1979-1992. 1996. US Alcohol Epidemiolgic Data Reference Manual Volume 5; Rockville, MD: NIAAA.
(5) Hanna EZ, Dufour MC, Yi H, et al. Drinking, smoking, and blood pressure: Do their relationships among youth foreshadow what we know among adult? Paper presented at the American Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, November 1999.
(6) Hanna EZ, Hsaio-Ye Y, Dufour M. The Relationship of drinking alone and other substance use alone and in combination to health and behavior problems among youth aged 12-16: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III). Paper presented at the 23rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, June 24-29, 2000, Denver, CO.
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