Texas lifestyle limits transmission of dengue virus

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Jan, 2003 by Paul Reiter, Sarah Lathrop, Michel Bunning, Brad Biggerstaff, Daniel Singer, Tejpratap Tiwari, Laura Baber, Manuel Amador, Jaime Thirion, Jack Hayes, Calixto Seca, Jorge Mendez, Bernardo Ramirez, Jerome Robinson, Julie Rawlings, Vance Vorndam, Stephen Waterman, Duane Gubler, Gary Clark, Edward Hayes

Acknowledgments

Many persons from the City of Laredo Health Department, the Tamaulipas Secretariat of Health, and the Texas Department of Health contributed to the study. Andrew Spielman gave many helpful comments on the manuscript. Pia Malaney supplied the data for Table 5. The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration supplied the figure.

[1] The investigation plan was reviewed by the Human Subjects Coordinator at the National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and determined to be a public health response that did not require further human subjects review. Blood samples were taken only from consenting adults.

References

(1.) Rush AB. An account of the bilious remitting fever as it appeared in Philadelphia in the summer and autumn of the year 1780. Philadelphia: Prichard and Hall; 1789.

(2.) Ehrenkranz NJ, Ventura AK, Cuadrado RR, Pond WL, Porter JE. Pandemic dengue in Caribbean countries and the southern United States-past, present and potential problems. N Engl J Med 1971;285:1460-9.

(3.) Reiter P. Climate change and mosquito-borne disease. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109 (Suppl 1):141-61.

(4.) Turner AG, Magnani RJ, Shuaib M. A not quite as quick but much cleaner alternative to the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) cluster survey design. Int J Epidemiol 1996;25:198-203.

(5.) Chungue E, Marche G, Plichart R, Boutin JP, Roux J. Comparison of immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgG-ELISA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for the detection of dengue antibodies: prevalence of dengue IgG-ELISA antibodies in Tahiti. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1989;83:708-11.

(6.) Innis BL, Nisalak A, Nimmannitya S, Kusalerdchariya S, Chongwasdi V, Suntayakorn S, et al. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to characterize dengue infections where dengue and Japanese encephalitis co-circulate. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989;40:418-27.

(7.) Pan American Health Organization. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in the Americas: guidelines for prevention and control. Washington: The Organization; 1994.

(8.) Christophers SR. Aedes aegypti (L.), the yellow fever mosquito: its life history, bionomics and structure. Cambridge: University Press; 1960.

(9.) Scott TW, Chow E, Strickman D, Kittayapong P, Wirtz RA, Lorenz LH, et al. Blood-feeding patterns of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in a rural Thai village. J Med Entomol 1993;30:922-7.

(10.) Scott TW, Amerasinghe PH, Morrison AC, Lorenz LH, Clark GG, Strickman D, et al. Longitudinal studies of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand and Puerto Rico: blood feeding frequency. J Med Entomol 2001;37:89-101.

(11.) Watson RT, Zinyowera MC, Moss RH, editors. Impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change: scientific-technical analyses. Contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1996.

(12.) Jetten TH, Focks DA. Potential changes in the distribution of dengue transmission under climate warming. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997;57:285-97.