Abstract Sculpture - instruction for middle-school students - Brief Article

Arts & Activities, May, 2001 by Peter Hiller

wire and Plaster cloth creations

My middle-school students always enjoy three-dimensional art projects. When the projects are abstract, there is an even greater attraction. I believe the freedom that comes from not having to make their art h)ok like something specific, and the hands-on component: of the work, combine to build my students' enthusiasm.

This is not to say that abstract sculpture is easy. The sculptor still needs to be concerned with the elements of art and the principles of design. Students learn that line, texture, color, form and balance are among the ideas that need to be considered when planning sculpture projects. These concepts are an integral part of what makes a successful finished work of art.

The wonderful variety of materials available for sculpture projects adds to the students' interest in this art form.

From soap carving and wood constructions, to clay and industrial castoffs, there are many potential sources for interesting creations.

In this particular project, we combine two materials that are each viable on their own: wire and plaster cloth. Before we begin the hands-on work, we discuss some art history, the project and its goals.

Alexander Cah was a master of using wire in his art, so he serves as a good inspiration during the introduction. His sculptures illustrate the physical possibilities of abstract sculpture, while his creativity sparks our own creative goals. These goals include learning how to manipulate the materials and how to include the various elements of art in the finished work.

We begin our sculptures with approximately 3 feet of a medium-gage wire. This wire must be strong enough to stay bent while supporting some weight, and yet thin enough for the students to bend without straining. The students bend the wire into a desired configuration and then staple it onto a wooden base.

The next step involves draping or wrapping the plaster cloth over the wire. This is done after the plaster cloth has been cut into small pieces (about 3" x 3") and dipped into warm water. Although the cloth dries quickly, it does need to be allowed to completely dry overnight, a fact that must be figured into this project's time frame.

The last step is painting, which we do with acrylics. The color scheme is planned in advance and can evolve around various themes primary, secondary, warm, cool, value and so on. Students usually add to the finished piece by painting the base.

This is a somewhat messy, slightly expensive sculpture project, but it consistently yields successful results. Try it--your students will like it!

Peter Hiller teaches grade 1-8 art at All Saints' Episcopal Day School in Carmel, California, and is a Contributing Editor for Arts & Activities.