The JCS 94-Target List - U.S. air warfare strategy in Vietnam War

Aerospace Power Journal, Spring, 2001 by Charles Tustin Kamps

(3.) Dennis M. Drew, Rolling Thunder 1965: Anatomy of a Failure, CADRE Paper AU-ARI-CP-86-3 (Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air University Press, 1986), 30-31.

(4.) Mark Clodfelter, The Limits of Air Power: The American Bombing of North Vietnam (New York: Free Press, 1989), 77.

(5.) Gen William W. Momyer, Air Power in Three Wars (Washington, D.C.: Department of the Air Force, 1978), 15.

(6.) Col Harry C. Summers Jr., Vietnam War Almanac (New York: Facts on File Publications, 1985), 168.

(7.) Gen William C. Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1976), 152.

(8.) W. P. Bundy and J. McNaughton, draft memorandum, subject: Courses of Action in Southeast Asia, US Department of State, 26 November 1964, 10-11. Lyndon B. Johnson Library. Document is now declassified.

(9.) Gen Curtis E. LeMay with MacKinlay Kantor, Mission with LeMay (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965), 565.

(10.) Lt Col William E. Long, Target Selection Process: Categories and Decision Levels, Air War College Report 363 (Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air University, April 1968). AFHRA, file K239.042-3634, 80. Document is now declassified.

(11.) Col Bui Tin, "How North Vietnam Won the War" (interview), The Wall Street Journal, 3 August 1995, A-8.

(12.) Long, 12.

(13.) Gen Bruce Palmer Jr., The 25-Year War: America's Military Role in Vietnam (Lexington, Ky.: University Press of Kentucky, 1984), 37.

(14.) Clodfelter, x.

(15.) Shelby L. Stanton, The Rise and Fall of an American Army: U.S. Ground Forces in Vietnam, 1965-1973 (Novato, Calif.: Presidio Press, 1985), 82.

(16.) Lt Gen Dave R. Palmer, Summons of the Trumpet (New York: Ballentine Books, 1984), 142.

(17.) Stanton, 365.

(18.) Adm U.S. Grant Sharp, Strategy for Defeat: Vietnam in Retrospect (Novato, Calif.: Presidio Press, 1978), 3.

(19.) Palmer, Summons of the Trumpet, 140.

(20.) Thomas C. Hone, "Southeast Asia," in Air Superiority, ed. Benjamin F. Cooling (Washington, D.C.: Center for Air Force History, 1994), 521.

(21.) Lt Col Gordon Nelson and Maj Norm Wood, eds., The Battle for the Skies over North Vietnam (Washington, D.C.: US Air Force, 1976), 113.

(22.) Kenneth P. Werrell, Archie, Flak, AAA, and SAM: A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense (Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air University Press, 1988), 103.

(23.) Hone, 537.

(24.) Neil Sheehan et al., The Pentagon Papers (New York: Bantam Books, 1971), 331-32.

(25.) Maj Gen Haywood Hansell, The Air Plan That Defeated Hitler (Atlanta: Higgins-McArthur/Longino and Porter, 1972), 163.

(26.) Ibid., 186.

(27.) Bundy and McNaughton, 10.

(28.) Momyer, 19.

(29.) Bundy and McNaughton, tab 2.

(30.) PACAF Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Pacific Air Forces Activity Input to Project Corona Harvest on Targeting, Out-Country (NVN) in SEA 1 January 1962-31 March 1968 (Headquarters Pacific Air Forces, 2 July 1970) AFHRA, file K717.0422-4, 154. Document is now declassified.

(31.) Ibid., 153.

(32.) As quoted in Alan Gropman, "The Air War in Vietnam, 1961-73," Vietnam Vignettes (Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air War College, 1994), 53.