Colonial germ warfare

CML Army Chemical Review, Oct, 2004 by Harold B. Gill, Jr.

(3) Opechancanough was chief of the Powhatan Confederacy from 1618 through 1644. He was responsible for the abduction of Captain Smith in 1608 and the massacres of 1622 and 1644.

(4) Elizabeth A. Fenn, "Biological Warfare in Eighteenth-Century North America: Beyond Jeffrey Amherst, "Journal of American History, Vol. 86, No. 4, March 2000. pp. 1552-1580.

Mr. Gill is the consulting editor of the Colonial Williamsburg Journal and the author of more than fifty articles and five books on American history. He is the recipient of the 1998 North American Society for Oceanic History, John Lyman Book Award. Mr. Gill resides in Williamsburg, Virginia.