Al-Ikhwan Al-Muslimeen: the Muslim Brotherhood

Military Review, July-August, 2003 by Youssef H. Aboul-Enein

(2.) Ibid.

(3.) Muslim Brotherhood Movement homepage, on-line at <www.ummah.org.uk/ikhwan>, accessed 14 April 2001.

(4.) The Muslim Brotherhood Movement Homepage seems to have been created in the United Kingdom, and the disclaimer illustrates that the maintainer of the page is not a member of the Ikhwan and does not approve or agree with everything it espouses. The page was created for educational purposes and has no connection to any organization. Nonetheless it is an excellent summary of Brotherhood objectives, themes, and history. No date or author appears on the website.

(5.) Commins, 131-33.

(6.) Mir Zohair Husain, Global Islamic Politics (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1995), 53-54.

(7.) Abdullah Imam, Abd-al-Nasser wa Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimoon: Al-Unf al-Deene fee Misr (Nasser and the Muslim Brotherhood: Islamic Violence in Egypt)(Cairo: Daral-Khiyal Printers, 1997), 83-90.

(8.) Ibid., 102-108.

(9.) Ibid., 92-97.

(10.) Saad Alfat, "Search into Education and Knowledge: The Ease of Influencing Young Minds," Rose-El-Yossef, 4 April 2002, 27.

(11.) Muslim Brotherhood Movement homepage.

(12.) Ibid.

(13.) Ahmed Ar-Rasheed, the Path, Muslim Brotherhood pamphlet, undated.

(14.) Ali Abd-al-Haleem, Means of Education of the Ikhwan al-Muslimoon, Muslin Brotherhood pamphlet, undated.

(15.) Hassan Al-Banna. "The Messages of Iman-ul-Shaheed Hassan Al-Banna." Muslim Brotherhood homepage, accessed 14 April 2001.

(16.) Ibid.

(17.) Muslim Brotherhood Movement homepage.

(18.) Denis J. Sullivan and Sana Abed-Kotob, Islam in Contemporary/Egypt: CMI Society vs. the State (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1999. 132-34.

(19.) Gilles Kepel, Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and the Pharaoh (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1985), 263-68.

Lieutenant Commander Youssef H. Aboul-Enein, U.S. Navy, is a Middle East Foreign Area Officer currently serving in the Pentagon. For the past several years, he has been working with Military Review to bring Arabic topics of military interest to the pages of the journal. Aboul-Enein wishes to thank Midshipman 2d Class Samuel Boyd, a student of government at the U.S. Naval Academy for editing and providing technical help with this article.