As you plan a new garden or remodel an old one, when should you call in landscape architect?

Sunset, April, 1985

Step 6. Construction documents spell it all out

Once the preliminary plan is revised and approved, the landscape architect will develop a detailed set of plans, either for the whole garden or those areas you are now ready to develop. If this second design phase was not included in your initial contract, you should receive another letter outlining this work.

These drawings show all the information a contractor needs to build the design. Depending on the size and complexity of the project, they may include plans for paving and construction, planting, irrigation, lighting, grading, and drainage. They will give dimensions and elevations of garden structures. They'll name and locate plants, sprinklers, and light fixtures. They may also specify demolition work. Written specifications will document materials, finishes, and acceptable construction methods.

During this stage, you may meet frequently to review the plans. If you haven't done so earlier, this is the time to settle finer points, such as colors and finishes and specific plants or types of fixtures.

Step 7. Selecting a contractor

The landscape architect--if retained past the design phases--now helps you select a landscape contractor. Acting as your agent, he or she will secure bids, prepare contracts, and later approve payments and verify lien releases as construction phases are completed.

Because competitive bidding gives the option of accepting the lowest price, you may select a contractor on this basis. Quite often, however a landscape architect will recommend contractors with whom he works regularly. If you select one familiar with his standards and techniques, your landscape architect may be able to save time preparing construction documents and observing installation.

Step 8. Now the garden really takes shape

While proper construction is the contractor's responsibility, the landscape architect will visit the garden periodically as work proceeds to see that it's built as desinged. When last-minute changes occur, he or she is on hand to suggest reasonable substitutes. Some landscape architects do their fine-tuning on the site; as the design takes shape, they're there to place rocks, adjust tree locations, and revise final contours.

After the last brick goes in place, you and the landscape architect will meet with the contractor to review the job. You'll list items that need further attention, and set a time--contingent on their completion--for final payment. You should also receive instructions for operating automatic equipment, discuss watering schedules, and review other procedures for maintaining your new garden. When a professional gardener is involved, he or she should be present at this review.