Can mechanical dogs be seniors' best friends? - Robotics

USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), June, 2003

Researchers are placing robotic dogs in the homes of isolated senior citizens to determine whether the mechanical substitutes, like pets, can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, director of the Center for the Human-Animal Bond in Purdue University's School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Ind., and Nancy Edwards, professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study that will evaluate the impact of robotic dogs on seniors' depression, physical activity, life satisfaction, and morale. "No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated," Edwards contends. "The challenge is how do we promote that, especially for those who are socially isolated. A robotic dog could be a solution."

The robot, called AIBO, which means "pal" in Japanese, is about the size of a small lapdog. People 65 years and older who live alone are being recruited to house one for six weeks. Prior to placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. Participants will fill out a journal to note their feelings, activity, and daily living before and after AIBO. Then, the research team will review the journal entries to determine if it inspired any changes in the life of its owner.

"I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice," says Ruth Lawson, one of the study's participants. "When I'm watching TV, he'll sit in my lap until he wants down. He has a mind of his own."

The AIBOs respond to certain commands--bark and play. The researchers say robotic dogs have some advantages over live canines, especially for senior citizens. Often, the elderly are disabled and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. Housing restrictions also may prohibit pets, and landlords sometimes charge additional fees, thus making it difficult for an older person who is on a fixed income. A robotic dog removes exercise and feeding concerns. Pets also benefit because they won't be neglected by an owner unable to care for them properly.

"Originally, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog, because it was metal and not furry," Beck indicates. "But it's amazing how quickly we have dispelled that belief.

"Ideally, down the road, these robotic pet companions could become a more-valuable health asset. They will record their masters' blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older individuals' minds."