Managing danger in the home environment, 1900-1940

49. Katherine Fisher, "Safety Begins at Home," Proceedings, Twenty-Fourth Safety Congress (1935) 24:113; Zella Patterson, "The Safe Use and Care of Household Appliances," Proceedings, Twenty-Seventh Safety Congress (1938) 27:145-47.

50. Nye, Electrifying America, pp. 266-77; Platt, Electric City, pp. 236-44.

51. See, Cowan, More Work for Mother, and Strasser, Never Done, pp. 78-84.

52. Concern over lead paint poisoning was just beginning. See Elizabeth Fee, "Public Health in Baltimore: Childhood Lead Poisoning, 1930-70," Maryland Historical Magazine (1992) 87: 267-93; Jane S. Lin-Fu, "Lead Poisoning in Children," Children Health Service Publication No. 2108 (1970).

53. NSC, Transactions, Nineteenth Safety Congress (1930) 246-7; see, also, Palmer's comments in "Report on the National Safety Council's Special Committee on Home Safety," in Transactions, Twenty-Eighth Safety Congress (1939) 133-5. The NSC came to be funded not only by member dues, but by contributions and the sale of materials. Today it also consults on safety matters.

54. For the NSC and statistics, see Frederick S. Crum, "Now We Die from Accidents in Careless America," NSN (Oct., 1912) 4: 17-8. See, also, Lucian W. Chaney, "The Need for More Definite Analysis of Accident Causes," Annals of the American Academy, CCIII:40-5. See, also, John C. Burnham, "How the Discovery of Accidental Childhood Poisoning."

55. "Report of the Statistical Committee," Proceedings, Eighth Safety Congress (1919) 8:1004-7; Frederick S. Crum, "Report of Committee on Statistics, Proceedings, Ninth Safety Congress (1920) 9:321-7; and, "To the Stranger in Our Midst," NSN (Oct., 1921) 4:3.

56. "Outline of a Public Safety Plan," NSN (Dec. 15, 1919) no. 314: 2,4; "What the Local Councils Did in 1921," NSN (Oct., 1921) 4:25; and, Julian H. Harvey, "Organizing a Local Safety Council," Annals of the American Academy, CXXIII:32-3. See also, Palmer, "Report of the NSC's Special Committee on Home Safety, Transactions, Twenty-Eighth Safety Congress (1939) 133-4.

57. Metropolitan Life Insurance and Travelers Life Insurance were the only two insurance companies to publish statistics on home accidents. See, Proceeding of the First Conference on Home Accident Prevention (Ann Arbor, MI, 1953), pp. 27, 58-60.

58. Life insurance companies sometimes offered liability coverage through specific divisions to comply with state laws which demanded that the capital of life and fire insurance policies be invested separately.

59. "Combination Residence Insurance," The Aetna-Agency Edition (June 1913) 2: 296. This policy did not cover loss by fire since there had long been a separation of business between fire and life insurance companies.

60. "Safe at Home," The Aetna-Agency Edition (February 1913) 5:231. By the 1910s, Aetna had paid over $10 million in claims on its "Accident and Health Policy," "Aetnaized," The Aetna-Agency Edition (April 1913) 2:265.