Alcohol use, self-esteem, depression, and suicidality in high school students

Adolescence, Winter, 1994 by Adrienne DeSimone, Patricia Murray, David Lester

Table 1
Correlations between items on the alcohol involvement scale and depression

                                   high school     college      college
                                    students       students     students
                                                    18-20        21 

1 frequency of drinking              0.23(**)      0.38(**)       0.28
2 when S last had a drink            0.18(*)       0.30(*)        0.18
3 why S started drinking             0.15(*)       0.43(***)     -0.11
4 what kind of drink                 0.16(*)       0.25(*)        0.07
5 how S obtains drinks               0.16(*)       0.35(**)        -
6 age at first drink                 0.04          0.23           0.15
7 time of day for drinking           0.08         -0.07           0.41(*)
8 why S first drank                  0.17(*)       0.44(***)      0.31(*)
9 how much drank                     0.02          0.43(***)      0.43(**)
10 whom S drinks with                0.16(*)       0.25(*)        0.29
11 effect of alcohol on mind        -0.04          0.30(*)        0.23
12 effect of alcohol on life         0.18(*)       0.27(*)       -0.04
13 how S feels about drinking        0.08          0.45(***)      0.18
14 how others see S                  0.22(*)       0.53(***)      0.02

* one-tailed p [is less than] .05

** one-tailed p [is less than] .01

*** one-tailed p [is less than] .001

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