Cycles of shame: menstrual shame, body shame, and sexual decision-making

Journal of Sex Research,  Nov, 2005  by Deborah Schooler,  L. Monique Ward,  Ann Merriweather,  Allison S. Caruthers

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Table 1. Descriptive Statistics of Independent and Dependent Variables

                                  Mean    Std.    Min.    Max
                                           Dev
Menstrual Attitudes
  Negative Menstrual Attitudes    2.58     .53    1.39    4.28
  Positive Menstrual Attitudes    2.08     .63    1.00    4.55
  Openness about Menstruation     3.80     .59    2.00    5.00

Body Shame
  Body Image Self-
    Modesty (BCBM)                4.00    1.04     .70    6.67
  Body Image Self-
    Consciousness (BISC)         27.10   17.00    0.00   75.00

Sexual Behavior
  Sexual Assertiveness            3.46     .68    1.67    4.92
  Sexual Experience               4.67    1.81    1.00    7.00
  Risky Sexual Behavior           1.79    1.59    0.00    6.00
  Condom Use Self-Efficacy        3.88     .96    1.00    5.00

Table 2. Zero-Order Correlations Between Manifest Variables

             ASN          REL          NEG          OPN

ASN                       .11          .10        -.19 **
                         (196)        (190)        (190)
REL                                    .04         -.02
                                      (193)        (193)
NEG                                                -.40 ***
                                                   (193)
OPN

BCBM

BISC

SASS

EXP

RSB

             BCBM         BISC         SASS

ASN         -.17 *        .15 *        -.11
            (190)        (183)        (175)
REL         -.16 *        .10          -.14
            (194)        (186)        (178)
NEG         -.41 ***      .34 ***      -.40 ***
            (192)        (186)        (177)
OPN          .26 ***     -.17 *         .25 ***
            (192)        (186)        (177)
BCBM                     -.69 ***       .55 ***
                         (185)        (177)
BISC                                   -.53 ***
                                      (176)
SASS

EXP

RSB

             BCBM         BISC         SASS

ASN         -.17 *        .15 *        -.11
            (190)        (183)        (175)
REL         -.16 *        .10          -.14
            (194)        (186)        (178)
NEG         -.41 ***      .34 ***      -.40 ***
            (192)        (186)        (177)
OPN          .26 ***     -.17 *         .25 ***
            (192)        (186)        (177)
BCBM                     -.69 ***       .55 ***
                         (185)        (177)
BISC                                   -.53 ***
                                      (176)
SASS

EXP

RSB

Note. ASN = Being Asian, REL = Religiosity, NEG = Negative
Feelings about Menstruation, OPN = Openness about Menstruation,
BCBM = Body ComfortBody Modesty, BISC = Body Image
Self-Consicousness, SASS = Sexual Assertiveness, EXP = Sexual
Experience, RSB = Risky Sexual Behavior, SSE = Safe Sex
Self-Efficacy.

* p [less than or equal to] .05

** p [less than or equal to] .01

*** p [less than or equal to] .001.

COPYRIGHT 2005 Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group