They were five: The Dionne Quintuplets revisited

Journal of Canadian Studies, Winter 1994 by Wright, Cynthia

(f.13) Berton, Dionne Years, 199.

(f.14) Karen Dubinsky, "'The Pleasure is Exquisite but Violent': The Imaginary Geography of Niagara Falls in the Nineteenth Century," Journal of Canadian Studies 29, 2 (Summer 1994), 64 - 88.

(f.15) Sidonie Matsner Gruenberg, "Will 'Hothouse' Life Weaken Dionne Quints?" Physical Culture (January 1938), 92.

(f.16) Berton, Dionne Years 199.

(f.17) Ibid., 196. For more on northern Ontario and the "rough" and "masculine," see Karen Dubinsky, Improper Advances: Rape and Heterosexual Conflict in Ontario, 1880 - 1929 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993). Karen Dubinsky and Franca Iacovetta, "Murder, Womanly Virtue, and Motherhood: The Case of Angelina Napolitano, 1911 - 1922," Canadian Historical Review 72 (December 1991), 505 - 31. For an interesting account of the British tourist camps of the 1930s, see Alan Tomlinson and Helen Walker, "Holidays for All: Popular Movements, Collective Leisure, and the Pleasure Industry," in Alan Tomlinson, ed., Consumption, Identity and Style: Marketing, Meanings, and the Packaging of Pleasure (London: Routledge, 1990).

(f.18) Valverde, "Representing childhood," 125. Berton also discusses the royalty model of the Quints. See, for example, Dionne Years, 162, 172 and 188.

(f.19) Berton, Dionne Years, 227 - 28.

(f.20) For an invocation of "the rights of parents" against the Soviet model, see Phyllis Griffiths, "Papa and Mama Dionne: A Canadian Tragedy," Chatelaine (March 1936), 14.

(f.21) Valverde briefly compares them in "Representing childhood," 125 and 130 as does Berton, Dionne Years, 205. The following analysis of Shirley Temple relies on Charles Eckert, "Shirley Temple and the House of Rockefeller," in Peter Steven, ed., Jumpcut: Hollywood, Politics and Counter - cinema (Toronto: Between the Lines, 1985).

(f.22) Eckert, "Shirley Temple," 50.

(f.23) Berton, Dionne Years, 207.

(f.24) Ibid., 136 - 37.

(f.25) Ibid., 206, 198.

(f.26) Dean MacCannell, The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class (New York: Schocken Books, 1976), 137.

(f.27) Berton, Dionne Years, 186 - 88.

(f.28) Gruenberg, "Will 'Hothouse' Life Weaken Dionne Quints?" 10, 91.

(f.29) Berton, Dionne Years, 247.

(f.30) Roy Dupuis and Celine Bonnier, who play the Dionne parents in Million Dollar Babies, asked to speak in French in some of the production's scenes, but were refused because the mini - series is to air on American TV. Ray Conlogue, "Babes in TVland," Globe and Mail, 4 June 1994: Cl.

(f.31) The question of language and the Quints is dealt with at length in David Welch's contribution to this special issue.

(f.32) MacCannell, The Tourist, 159