Gallery

Environmental History, Oct 2003 by Chiang, Connie Y

NOTES

1. Via, 120 (September/October 1999): 69.

2. The original drive traversed seventeen miles, but the mileage of the trip is now roughly fifteen and one-half miles. See Tracie Cone, "But 15.5 Mile Drive Just Doesn't Have that Ring," San Jose Mercury News, 5 February 1994.

3. A good example is a vivid color image of the 17-Mile Drive (with a car in the foreground) that appeared in Sunset m 1914. See Sunset (February 1914): 298.

4. For the ties between railroads and tourism in the American West, see Hal K. Rothman, Devil's Bargains: Tourism in the Twentieth-Century American West (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1999), 50-112.

5. "Interesting Points To Be Explained," no date, Box 53/9, Pacific Improvement Company Records, JL17, Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, California (hereafter PICo. Records, JL17). For the Pacific Improvement Company and the Hotel Del Monte, see Connie Y. Chiang, "Shaping the Shoreline: Environment, Society, and Culture in Monterey, California" (Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, 2002), 37-57; Anne Hyde, An American Vision: Far Western Landscape and National Culture, 1820-1920 (New York: New York University Press, 1990), 161-174; John Walton, Storied Land: Community and Memory in Monterey (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2001), 150-151. For Pebble Beach, see Chiang, "Shaping the Shoreline," 78-80; Walton, Storied Land, 181.

6. Marguerite S. Shaffer, See America First; Tourism and National Identity, 1880-1940 (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001), 232-234; Earl Pomeroy, In Search of the Golden West: The Tourist in Western America (New York: Knopf, 1957; Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990, reprint), 127.

7. "Del Monte Forest Camp: Pacific Grove by the Sea," no date, Box 35/11, PICo. Records, JL17.

8. Monterey Daily Cypress, 30 March 1907; Pebble Beach, Monterey, brochure, Box 69/50, Pacific Improvement Company Records, JL1, Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries, Stanford, California.

9. Walton, Storied Land, 182-183, 268. For Pebble Beach's famed golf links, see Neal Hotelling, Pebble Beach Golf Links: The Official History (Chelsea, Mich.: Sleeping Bear Press, 1999).

10. http://www.pebblebeach.com/17miledrive.html.>11. Rothman, Devil's Bargains, 148.

12. This discussion draws from Pomeroy, In Search of the Golden West, 125-127; Anne Hyde, "From Stagecoach to Packard Twin Six: Yosemite and the Changing Face of Tourism," California History 69 (Summer 1990): 154-169; Rothman, Devil's Bargains, 143-158; Shaffer, See America First, 130-137, 224; Warren James Belasco, Americans on the Road: From Autocamp to Motel, 1910-1945 (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT university Press, 1979), 7-39.

13. Pomeroy, In Search of the Golden West, 210.

14. David B. Louter, "Windshield Wilderness: The Automobile and the Meaning of National Parks in Washington State" (Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, 2001), 1-25; David Louter, "Glaciers and Gasoline: The Making of a Windshield Wilderness, 1900-1915," in David M. Wrobel and Patrick T. Long, eds., Seeing and Being Seen: Tourism in the American West (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2001), 248-270.