Galileo's condemnation: The real and complex story

26. Galilei G: The Assayer. In Galileo Heretic, p 41.

27. Ibid, p 47.

28. Galileo's Daughter, p 8.

29. The Galileo Affair, p 32.

30. Ibid, pp 303-304.

31. Campanella T: Defense of Galileo. In "Gateway to the Great Books, Vol. 8" (Hutchinson and Adler, Eds.) Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., pp 361-364, 1963.

32. Wallace WA: "Reinterpreting Galileo." Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, p 27, 1986.

33. Galilei G: Letters on Sunspots In "Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo" (Drake, Trans.) Garden City, MY: Doubleday & Co., p 97, 1957.

34. Galilei G: Letter to Monsignor Dini, 23 March 1615. In The Galileo Affair, p 61.

35. Galileo's Daughter, p 286.

36. Nooni G: "Saggi Galileiani: Atomi, immagini e ideologia." Cagliari, Italy: AM&D Edizioni, 2000.

37. The Crime of Galileo, p 307.

38. Van Helden A: Galileo, telescopic astronomy, and the Copernical system. In "Planetary astronomy from the Renaissance to the rise of astrophysics, Part A: Tycho Brahe to Newton." (Taton and Wilson, Eds.) New York: Cambridge University Press, pp 101-102, 1989. The insertion in the quotation is by Van Helden.

39. Wallace WA: "Galileo and His Sources." New Jersey: Princeton University Press, p 311, 1984.

40. The Crime of Galileo, p 166.

41. Galileo Heretic, p 240.

42. Inchofer M: Document EE291. (Shea, Trans.) Graciously furnished in a letter from William Shea to the author, May 2002. (For clarity, the order of the quotations is reversed from that in Document EE291.)

43. The Galileo Affair, pp 229-232.

44. Galilei G: Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615). In Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, p 186.

45. Hummel CE: "The Galileo Connection." Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, p 23, 1986.

46. Blackwell RJ: "Galileo, Bellarmine, and the Bible." London: University of Notre Dame Press, p 183, 1991.

47. Galileo Heretic, p 259.

48. This "lessor-charge" approach is nothing new. Less than a decade earlier, Archbishop Marco De Dominis, who was known for heresies concerning the pope, councils, and the Eucharist, was condemned for a manuscript on divorce in the case of adultery. Ibid, p 117.

49. Galileo's Second Deposition (20 April 1633). In The Galileo Affair, p 278.

Emerson Thomas McMullen Department of History Georgia Southern University Statesboro, GA 30460

etmcmullen@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu

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