Essential Oil of Astrodaucus persicus (Boiss.) Drude. from Iran

Journal of Essential Oil Research: JEOR, Sep/Oct 2004 by Bigdeli, Mohsen, Rustaiyan, Abdolhossein, Ameri, Nazak, Masoudi, Shiva

Abstract

The essential oil from the aerial parts of Astrodaucus persicus (Boiss.) Drude, from Iran was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. Of the 41 components which were detected, 30 amounting to 96.8% were identified. The oil consisted mainly of non-terpenoid aliphatic compounds and a small percentage each of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The major components found in the oil were decanal (34.8%), dodecanal (15.5%) and dodecanol (14.3%).

Key Word Index

Astrodaucus persicus, Umbelliferae, essential oil composition, decanal, dodecanal, dodecanol.

Plant Name

Astrodaucus persicus (Boiss.) Drude, (syn. Daucus persicus Boiss.), Umbellifereae (1).

Source

Aerial parts of the plant were collected from northeast of Tehran, around Khojir Park, in July 2000, at flowering stage. A voucher specimen has been deposited at the Herbarium of the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (TARI), Tehran, Iran (78402).

Plant Part

Air-dried aerial parts (180 g) of the plants were ground and subjected to hydrodistillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus to give a yellow oil in 0.75% w/w yield.

Previous Work

A literature search reveals that the oil of A. persicus has not been the subject of previous study.

Present Work

The oil was analyzed by GC/MS using a Hewlett-Packard 5973 mass selective connected with an HP 6890 gas chromatograph. The separation was achieved by capillary column, HP-5 MS (5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane) (30 m x 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 �m). The column temperature was kept at 60�C for 20 min and then programmed to 220�C at a rate of 5�C/min, and kept constant at 220�C for 20 min. The flow rate of helium as carrier gas was 1 mL/min. MS were taken at 70 eV.

Identification of the constituents was made by comparing their mass spectra and retention indices with those given in the literature and those of authentic samples (2). Relative percentage amounts were calculated from TIC data by the computer.

The list of compounds identified in the oil samples is presented in Table I. The oil was dominated by decanal (34.8%), dodecanal (15.5%) and dodecanol (14.3%), with lesser amount of decanol (9.3%) and carvacrol (8.6%).

Acknowledgement

We are grateful to V. Mozaffarian for the identification of the plant material.

References

1. K.H. Rechinger, Astrodaucus. In: Flora Iranica, Umbelliferae No. 162. Edits., K.H. Rechinger and I.C. Hedge, Akademische Druck Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria (1987).

2. R.P. Adams, Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Allured Publ. Corp., Carol Stream, IL (1995).

Mohsen Bigdeli and Abdolhossein Rustaiyan*

Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran

Nazak Ameri

North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Shiva Masoudi

Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad Univeristy, Tehran, Iran

* Address for correspondence