Volatile Oil Constituents of Campomanesia phaea (O. Berg) Landrum . (Myrtaceae)

Journal of Essential Oil Research: JEOR, Nov/Dec 2006 by Adati, Roberto Tsuyoshi, de Oliveira Ferro, Vicente

Abstract

The oil of fresh leaves of Campomanesia phaea (O. Berg) Landrum from São Paulo (Brazil) Atlantic forest, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main components of the oil were caryophyllene oxide (11.7%), linalool (11.1%) and β-selinene (6.9%).

Key Word Index

Campomanesia phaea, Myrtaceae, essential oil composition, caryophyllene oxide, linalool, β-selinene.

Plant Name

Campomanesia phaea (O. Berg) Landrum (Myrtaceae).

Source

Leaves of C. phaea were collected from the Atlantic forest in the region of north shore of São Paulo, Brazil, in January 2000. The plant material was identified by Maria Lucia Kawasaki, from São Paulo Botanical Garden. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of this Institute.

Plant Part

The oil of the fresh leaves (400 g) was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus for 5 h, and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The oil obtained had a yield of 0.3%.

Previous Work

One of the most important species of Myrtaceae commonly known in São Paulo state is Campomanesia phaea. It is widespread near the seashore (1-3). Because of the pleasant smell of the fruit (2), it is utilized as a flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages (5-6).

Present Work

Analysis of the oil was performed in a Shimadzu GC-17A equipped with Shimadzu GC 10 software, using a fused silica capillary column (25 m × 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 µm, coated with DB-5), and a flame ionization detector. The oven temperature was programmed from 60°-300°C at 3°C/min, with He as carrier gas at an inlet pressure of 80 kPa (1 mL/ min). Injector and detector temperatures were set at 220°C and 250°C, respectively. The percentage compositions were obtained from electronic integration.

The sample was analyzed by GC/MS in the same apparatus and chromatographic conditions as described above, using a quadrupole MS system (QP-5000), operating with ionization energy of 70 eV and an interface temperature of 250°C.

The identification of the oil components was based on a comparison of their GC retention indices (determined relatively to the retention times of a series of n-alkanes) and mass spectra with those of authentic compounds and with literature data (7-4).

Results and Discussion

Thirty-five compounds were identified, representing 94.9% of the total oil contents; they are shown in Table I. The oil from this species was characterized by a predominance of sesquiterpenes, particularly caryophyllene oxide (11.7%) and β-selinene (6.9%). For the monoterpene fraction, the oil was characterized by linalool (11.1%)

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Brian Lawrence (JEOR) and Amelia T. Henriquesfrom Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), for her help in the GC/MS analysis and CNPq (Br).

References

1. F.C.Hoehne, Frutas Indigenes. Secretaria da Agricultura Indústria e Comércio, São Paulo (1946).

2. M.L. Kawasaki, A Rare and Potentially Economic Fruit of Brazil. Cambuci, Campomanesia phaea (Myrtaceae). Econ. Bot., 403-407 (1997).

3. H. Lorenzi, Árvores Brasileiras: Manual de identificação e cultivo de Plantas Arbóreas nativas do Brasil. Editora Plantarum, Nova Odessa, Sao Pãulo (1992).

4. H.R.P. Limberger, M.A. Apel, M. Sobral, P.H. Moreno and A.T. Henriques. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Some Campomanesia Species (Myrtaceae). J. Essent. Oil Res., 13, 113-115 (2001).

5. P.C. Porto and O Cambuci, (Planfeto do Jardirn Botânico do Rio de Janeiro) Steele, Mattos & Co. Rio de Janeiro (1920).

6. M.P. Correa, Dicionário das plantas úteis do Brasil e das exóticas cultvadas. Imprensa Nacional, São Paulo (1984).

7. R.P. Adams, Identification of essential oils by ion trap mass spectrometry. Academic Press, New York (1995).

Roberto Tsuyoshi Adati and Vicente de Oliveira Ferro*

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Unniversidade de São Paulo, C.P. 66083, 05508-900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil

* Address for correspondence

1041-2905/06/0006-0691$14.00/00 -© 2006 Allured Publishing Corp.

Received: April 2005

Revised: September 2005

Accepted: February 2006